Make the Flag

National Flag Maker :-
As our freedom, the journey of our national flag is also quite long. After passing through many colors and designs, national flag came in its original form which was unanimously accepted as a big one. In order to maintain the value of this tricolour, countless countrymen sacrified their lives.
             Pingli Venkaiah, the name of the indian independence movement that very few people know. It has been 72 years since the country got its independence but it is the misfortune of our country that today we have forgotten the same person who created the national flag of our country.
              True Patriot and agricultural scientist Pingali Venkaiah born on 02 August, 1876, at Machli-pattnam in Andra Pradesh of present India. After studying 30 different countries flags for 5 years, Venkaiah thought about the 'Tiranga'. With Mahatma Gandhi's suggestion, Venkaiah made the indian flag.
              In 1931, Indian National Congress accepted this flag made of three colours- Saffron, white and green with 'charkha'  in the middle in the All India Conference at karachi. In 1947, the indian government replaced the Gandhi's 'charkha' with "Ashoka Chakra" in the middle of the flag. He passed away on 04 july, 1963. In tribute to him, indian post department issused a ticket of five rupees on 12 August, 2009.

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Pink Ball in Cricket

Q. Why is Only Pink Ball chosen for the day night Test match ?
                                Science is used in almost every sport around the world. In ODI and T20 cricket, players wear colored clothes and play with a White ball, so that the ball is visible clearly to the players.
In the same way; the players wear white clothes and play with a Red ball in test matches, so that the ball may visible clearly.
The first pink ball was manufactured by Australia's ball manufacturing company 'Kookabura'. Initially, the company used orange and yellow colours in manufacturing the ball. But the cameramen were not able to see the yellow and orange ball properly and they were having difficulty in covering the match.
That is the reason that the Kookaburra company decided to change the color of the ball and after the successful experiment, it was changed to pink.
Difference in Red and Pink ball:-

• The main difference between the pink and red ball is the way leather is processed.
• The rad ball has dyed leather and some other processess are also done to shine it. On the other hand; the pink colour is because of a pigment with which the leather is coated.
• In the case of the traditional red ball, the red colour is absorbed by the leather, while the pink ball is painted just like a car is painted. The pink ball has an extra layer of colour ,so it will swing a lot as long as the ball is new.
  
  
  
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The Glass Frog

GLASS FROGS REAPPEAR IN Bolivia After 18 Years :-
                 A rare species of frog native to the eastern slopes of the Bolivia Andes has been spotted in the South American country for first time in 18 years. This Cochran frog is notable for its transparent belly, leading to its nickname, the 'glass' frog.
        Researchers came across the frogs during a mission to rescue reptiles and amphibians threatened by a hydroelectric project.
         Bolivian Cochran frog Nymphargus bejaranoi Hearts, digestive tracts visible through their transparent bellies.
         Weight:- 70-80 gm
          Length:-19-24 mm
          Habitat:- wetlands, forest
          Threats:- Agriculture, pollution.

Amazing facts

MICROWAVE COOKS :-
                Having a ready meal habit may be just as bad for the environment as it is for your waistline. A study by the University of Manchester has found that the yearly CO2 emissions from just 19 microwaves are comparable to those of a family car.

MALE CYCLISTS :-

Think cycling makes men impotent? On her bike! A team at the University of California has found that cycling has no greater impact on male sexual and urinary health than running or swimming.

BIRDS OF PARADISE :-

99.95 percentage of light absorbed by black features on birds of paradise. This rivals Vantablack, the darkest material on Earth.

Peace place

City of the dead :-
With burial space running out, Jerusalem's largest cemetery is expanding beneath the soil. Each of these holes will provide a final resting place for one of the city's dead, with some 22000 graves in total in the 1.5km long tunnel system.
          A shortage of burial space is an issue in crowed cities and in regions where religion discourages cremation. This means that engineers are having to come up with innovative solutions. These hive like crypts were bored into the rock, 50 meters below the original cemetery. "The deceased will be buried inside the rock, just as they were in Biblical times," says Arik Glazer chief executive of Rolzur Tunnelling, the company behind the project's construction. Visitors will enter the tunnels via elevators, with floors at different levels providing access to the stacked graves, while golf carts will be in hand to transport people around.

The MRI Machine

Q. Who really invented the MRI MACHINE ?
     With its ability to image the internal organs and functioning of the body without using X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ranks as one of the biggest medical breakthrough, and its development led to a Nobel Prize in 2003 for two scientists: Paul Lauterbur of the State University of New York, USA, and Peter Mansfield of the University of Nottingham, England.
      But with in a month of the Nobel prize being announced, a full-page advert appeared in The New York Times insisting MRI was actually invented by a New York doctor named Raymond Damadian.
       MRI exploits so called nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) in which hydrogen nuclei in our bodies are first gripped by powerful magnetic fields, then stimulated into producing radio waves.
        Damadian was among those who thought NMR might help with the early detection of cancer. By the early 1970s, the idea had shown promise, and Damadian was granted a patent for this use of NMR. However others were already going further, and trying to create clear visual images from the signals. Lauterbur and Mansfield are widely regarded to have carried out the most work towards solving the extremely challenging technical issues involved, turning MRI into the versatile technique for it is today.

Plant on Moon

Plant on Moon :-
                               On 03 january,2019, china's chang'e 4 became the first lunar probe to land on the far side of the Moon. Onboard was the Lunar Micro Ecosystem biosphere experiment, containing air, water, soil and various organism. Shortly after landing, the experiment was powered up, the inteternal temperature was adjusted to 24° Celsius, and the seeds watered.
                Twelve days later, the Advanced Technology Research Institute at Chongqing University reported that cottonseed, rapeseed and potato seed had sprouted, though only images of the cottonseed were released. The success was short-lived, however, when the following day it was reported that the shoots had failed to survive the freezing temperature of the lunar night.

The successful harvesting of plants is seen as a vital part of any long term space mission, such as establishing a permanent base on the Moon, or even a manned mission to Mars.